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Why parity

General relativity and the standard model of the photon are parity-even, so a detected preference for one handedness on cosmological scales points to new physics: a pseudoscalar field, a Chern–Simons term, or chiral dynamics during inflation.

Where it can show up

For a scalar field the power spectrum and bispectrum are blind to parity, because two- and three-point configurations can always be rotated into their mirror images. The lowest parity-odd scalar statistic is the four-point function [@cahn2021]. Tensors and polarisation offer more direct channels. A rotation of the CMB polarisation plane by an angle $\beta$ converts E-modes into B-modes [@lue1999],

\[C_\ell^{EB,\rm obs} = \tfrac12 \sin(4\beta)\left(C_\ell^{EE} - C_\ell^{BB}\right),\]

and chiral gravitational waves source TB and EB correlations at low multipoles.

How to read this review

The atlas below crosses four kinds of work (theory, simulation, method, observation) with the place the signal is generated or observed. Each cell is a section with its own revision date; the change log records every revision and every paper added.

Existing reviews